Terahertz Permittivity of Pressed ZnO and CuO Powder in Polyethylene Pellets: Effect of Porosity

de la Rosa, Jaume Calvo, Alexandre Locquet, Denis Bouscaud, Sophie Berveiller, and David Citrin. "Terahertz permittivity of pressed ZnO and CuO powder in polyethylene pellets: Effect of porosity." IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology (2021). 

for full paper see https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9371419

Abstract:

Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is used to measure permittivity (100 GHz–2.5 THz) of ZnO and CuO powders with low fill factor pressed into pellets in a polyethylene binder. We show that porosity (air) of such pressed pellets has a large effect on effective pellet permittivity (∼10%) and on the extracted permittivity of the oxide constituent (∼150%). We explore a two-step analysis based on sequential application of different effective medium models, first to account for the air, and subsequently to extract the oxide's dielectric properties. We show that the combination of Vegard's law and the Maxwell-Garnett model is the best combination to account, respectively, for the air and the oxide powders. In this regard, the capacity that this approach has to adapt to each phase's physical characteristics by using multiple EMMs is an advantage. The resulting oxide permittivities are significantly larger than previously reported for such pellets as a consequence of the porosity. We find for the real relative permittivities of CuO and ZnO ∼12.1 and ∼8.9, respectively, in the THz range.

… The analysis revealed that scattering should not be expected and that the oxides are
homogenously distributed in the pellets' volume. THz-TDS measurements were performed
on a TeraView TPS Spectra 3000. Pellets were placed in a sample holder in N2 …